Место под солнцем: История трагедии

1951 US drama film by George Stevens

A Place in the Sun is a 1951 American drama film based on the 1925 novel An American Tragedy by Theodore Dreiser and the 1926 play, also titled An American Tragedy. It tells the story of a working class young man who is entangled with two women: one who works in his wealthy uncle's factory, and the other a beautiful socialite. Another adaptation of the novel had been filmed once before, as An American Tragedy, in 1931. All these works were inspired by the real life murder of Grace Brown by Chester Gillette in 1906, which resulted in Gillette's conviction and execution by electric chair in 1908. A Place in the Sun was directed by George Stevens from a screenplay by Harry Brown and Michael Wilson, and stars Montgomery Clift, Elizabeth Taylor, and Shelley Winters; its supporting actors included Anne Revere and Raymond Burr. Burr's performance impressed TV producer Gail Patrick, and would later lead to her casting him as Perry Mason. The film was a critical and commercial success, winning six Academy Awards and the first ever Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Drama. The film is sometimes considered one of the greatest American films ever made. In 1991, A Place in the Sun was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".

In 1950, George Eastman, the poor nephew of rich industrialist Charles Eastman, is offered an entry level job at his uncle’s factory, where he begins dating co worker Alice Tripp. Alice believes George’s Eastman name will bring her advantages. George
is invited by Charles to a social event, where George meets socialite Angela Vickers. There is a mutual attraction and they fall in love. Just as George enters the intoxicating and care free lifestyle his new life with Angela brings, Alice announces she is pregnant and, unable to procure an abortion, expects George to marry her. George puts Alice off and continues spending more time with Angela without Alice's knowledge. George is invited to Angela's family lake house over Labor Day and tells Alice the visit will advance his career. Alice discovers George's lie after seeing a newspaper photograph of George and Angela boating with friends. Alice calls George at the Vickers home and threatens to come there and reveal herself unless he leaves and returns to her. Shaken, George tells his hosts his mother is sick and he must leave. The next morning, George and Alice drive to City Hall to get married but it is closed for Labor Day. George is relieved and, remembering Alice cannot swim, begins forming a plan to drown her in the lake by feigning an accident. Alice unsuspectingly agrees to the lake venture. Arriving at the lake, George attempts to cover for the upcoming murder by falsely stranding his car in the woods and renting a rowboat under a false name. While they are out on the lake, Alice talks about her dreams concerning their happy future together with their child. As George apparently takes pity on her, Alice tries to stand up in the boat, causing it to capsize, and Alice drowns. George escapes, swims to shore, behaves suspiciously when he comes across campers on his way back to the car, and eventually drives to the Vickers' lodge. He fails to report the accident. Alice's body is discovered and her death is treated as a homicide as the evidence against George begins to mount. Just as Angela's father approves Angela's marriage to him, George is arrested and charged with Alice's murder. George's furtive actions before and after Alice's death condemn him. His denials are futile, and he is found guilty of murder and sentenced to death in the electric chair. Near the end, he agrees when the priest suggests that, although he did not kill Alice, he did not act to save her because he was thinking of Angela. The priest then states that, in his heart, it was murder. Angela visits George in prison, saying that she will always love him, and George slowly marches toward his execution.

In a November 14, 1949, letter from the Production Code Administration, Joseph I. Breen pointed out an issue regarding the dialogue between Alice and her doctor. Breen cautioned against direct references to abortion, specifically the line in the script in which Alice says, "Doctor, you've got to help me." In the finished film, the line became, "Somebody's got to help me" and, while abortion is rather clearly implied, the film does not include any actual mention of it. In 1965, director Stevens threatened to sue for US$1,000,000 any TV station that inserted any commercial into the running of his film without his specific approval of the ad.

The film earned an estimated $3.5 million at the U. S. and Canadian box office, and earned critical acclaim in 1951. Upon seeing the film, Charlie Chaplin called it "the greatest movie ever made about America". One impact of the film was from the Edith Head white party dress with its bust covered with flower blossoms worn by Taylor; it was the most popular prom dress style in the U. S. in 1951 and influenced prom and wedding dress design for the rest of the decade. The film's acclaim has not completely held up over time. Reappraisals of the film find that much of what was exciting about the film in 1951 is not as potent in the 21st century. Critics cite the soporific pace, the exaggerated melodrama, and the outdated social commentary as qualities present in A Place in the Sun that are not present in the great films of the era, such as those by Alfred Hitchcock and Elia Kazan, although the performances by Clift, Taylor, and Winters continue to receive praise. Still, many consider the film to be a classic. It was listed at No. 92 in American Film Institute's 1998 list 100 Years 100 Movies, and No. 53 in 100 Years 100 Passions in 2002, while the film holds a strong 82% rating on Rotten Tomatoes from 38 reviews. In 2013, the British Film Institute re released the picture across the United Kingdom because of its significant merit. Acclaimed writer director David Mamet, in his book Bambi vs. Godzilla: On the Nature, Purpose, and Practice of the Movie Business, included A Place in the Sun in a list of four "perfect" films, along with The Godfather, Galaxy Quest and Dodsworth.

Award Category Nominee(s) Result Academy Awards Best Motion Picture George Stevens Best Director Best Actor Montgomery Clift Best Actress Shelley Winters Best Screenplay Michael Wilson and Harry Brown Best Cinematography – Black and White William C. Mellor Best Costume Design – Black and White Edith Head Best Film Editing William Hornbeck Best Scoring of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture Franz Waxman Cannes Film Festival Grand Prix George Stevens Directors Guild of America Awards Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Motion Pictures Golden Globe Awards Best Motion Picture – Drama Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama Shelley Winters Best Director – Motion Picture George Stevens Best Cinematography – Black and White William C. Mellor Nastro d'Argento Best Foreign Director George Stevens National Board of Review Awards Best Film Top Ten Films National Film Preservation Board National Film Registry New York Film Critics Circle Awards Best Director George Stevens Best Actress Shelley Winters Producers Guild of America Awards Hall of Fame – Motion Pictures Writers Guild of America Awards Best Written American Drama Michael Wilson and Harry Brown Best Written Film Concerning American Scene