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Содержание
Введение
Британский физик и планетолог (1927–2019)
British physicist and planetary scientist (1927–2019)
Майкл Марк Вулфсон (9 января 1927 – 23 декабря 2019) был британским физиком и планетологом. Его научные интересы охватывали области рентгеновской кристаллографии, биофизики, цветового зрения, а также формирования звезд и планет.
Michael Mark Woolfson (9 January 1927 – 23 December 2019) was a British physicist and planetary scientist. His research interests were in the fields of x ray crystallography, biophysics, colour vision and the formation of stars and planets.
Академия
Получил образование в колледже Иисуса при Оксфордском университете и защитил докторскую диссертацию в UMIST, где его научным руководителем был Генри Липсон. Работал научным сотрудником в UMIST в 1950–1952 годах и в Лаборатории Кавендиша Кембриджского университета в 1952–1954 годах. Был стипендиатом ICI в Кембриджском университете в 1954–1955 годах. В UMIST преподавал в качестве лектора с 1955 по 1961 год и в качестве доцента с 1961 по 1965 год. В 1959–1960 годах находился в академическом отпуске, работая консультантом в IBM, Уайт-Плейнс. Был профессором теоретической физики в Йоркском университете с 1965 по 1994 год и заведующим кафедрой физики с 1982 по 1987 год. Занимал должность первого проректора колледжа Гудрик с 1968 по 1972 год. Имел статус профессора-эмерита.
He was educated at Jesus College, Oxford and received his PhD from UMIST, where he was supervised by Henry Lipson. He was a research assistant at UMIST 1950 52 and at Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 1952–54. He was an ICI Fellow, University of Cambridge, 1954–55. At UMIST he was a lecturer, 1955–61, and a Reader, 1961–65. Between 1959–60, he went on sabbatical working as a consultant at IBM, White Plains. He was Professor of Theoretical Physics, 1965 94 University of York and head of the Department of Physics, 1982–87. He served as the first provost of Goodricke College between 1968 and 1972. He was professor emeritus.
Диамантовая световая система
В ноябре 1991 года Совет по научным и инженерным исследованиям (SERC) создал комиссию, председателем которой был Вулфсон, для оценки состояния синхротронных установок в Великобритании. В апреле 1993 года был опубликован "Доклад Вулфсона". Одной из рекомендаций, содержащихся в докладе, было создание нового источника рентгеновского излучения средней энергии для замены существующего источника синхротронного излучения, расположенного в то время в Дарсбери, Чешир, Великобритания. Этот новый источник получил название Diamond Light Source, и после обсуждения было решено разместить его в Лаборатории Резерфорда Эпплтона (RAL) в Оксфордшире, Великобритания.
In November 1991, the Science and Engineering Research Council (SERC) set up a panel, which was chaired by Woolfson, to review synchrotron facilities in the UK. In April 1993, the “Woolfson Report” was published. Amongst the recommendations made in the report was the setting up of a new medium energy X ray source to replace the existing Synchrotron Radiation Source, which was then located at Daresbury in Cheshire, UK. This new source was called the Diamond Light Source and, after some debate, it was decided to locate this source at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL) in Oxfordshire, UK in 1984 and was also a fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society and the Institute of Physics. He was president and Honorary Vice President of the Yorkshire Philosophical Society. He was awarded the Royal Society Hughes Medal in 1986, the Patterson Award from the American Crystallographic Association in 1990, the Gregori Aminoff Prize from the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1992,the Dorothy Hodgkin Prize by the British Crystallographic Association in 1997 and the Ewald Prize by the International Union of Crystallography in 2002.
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In November 1991, the Science and Engineering Research Council (SERC) set up a panel, which was chaired by Woolfson, to review synchrotron facilities in the UK. In April 1993, the “Woolfson Report” was published. Amongst the recommendations made in the report was the setting up of a new medium energy X ray source to replace the existing Synchrotron Radiation Source, which was then located at Daresbury in Cheshire, UK. This new source was called the Diamond Light Source and, after some debate, it was decided to locate this source at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL) in Oxfordshire, UK in 1984 and was also a fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society and the Institute of Physics. He was president and Honorary Vice President of the Yorkshire Philosophical Society. He was awarded the Royal Society Hughes Medal in 1986, the Patterson Award from the American Crystallographic Association in 1990, the Gregori Aminoff Prize from the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1992,the Dorothy Hodgkin Prize by the British Crystallographic Association in 1997 and the Ewald Prize by the International Union of Crystallography in 2002.
Публикации
Он опубликовал статьи и книги по рентгеновской кристаллографии, материаловедению, формированию планет, математике, методам визуализации, времени, теории вероятностей и статистике, цветовому зрению и астрофизике. Вулфсон активно занимался научными исследованиями и писал научные труды почти 70 лет; его первая статья была опубликована в 1951 году, а последняя книга о звёздах – в июле 2019 года, за несколько месяцев до его смерти.
He published papers and books on the subjects of x ray crystallography, materials science, planet formation, mathematics, imaging, time, probability&statistics, colour vision and astrophysics. Woolfson was active in research and scientific writing for nearly 70 years; his first paper was published in 1951 and his last book on stars was published in July 2019, a few months before he died.