Ирландские правительства 1921-1922 гг: Де Валера, Гриффит, принятие Англо-Ирландского договора. История 2-го Дайла и министерств Ирландской Республики.
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Содержание
Введение
Правительства Ирландии 1921–1922 годов
Governments of Ireland 1921 to 1922
Существовало два правительства 2-го Дала, которые были министерствами Дала Ирландии, собрания Дала Ирландии, являвшегося законодательным органом Ирландской Республики – односторонне провозглашенного государства, существовавшего с 1919 по 1922 год. Второй Дал был избран на ирландских выборах 1921 года 24 мая 1921 года. Третье министерство (26 августа 1921 года – 9 января 1922 года) возглавлял Эмон де Валера в качестве президента и просуществовало 136 дней. Де Валера подал в отставку с поста президента после того, как Дал проголосовал за принятие англо-ирландского договора. Четвертое министерство (10 января – 9 сентября 1922 года) возглавлял Артур Гриффит в качестве президента. Гриффит умер на посту 12 августа 1922 года, но новое министерство Дала было сформировано только 9 сентября 1922 года. Гриффит занимал должность президента 214 дней, а затем последовало 28 дней до назначения В. Т. Косгрейва его преемником Далом. Временное правительство Ирландии, учрежденное на основании условий Договора, частично совпадало по времени с более поздним периодом министерств Дала Ирландии. Первое временное правительство возглавлял Майкл Коллинз в качестве председателя Временного правительства с 16 января 1922 года до своей смерти 22 августа 1922 года. 25 августа 1922 года В. Т. Косгрейв был назначен его преемником, а остальные члены нового временного правительства были назначены 30 сентября. Первое временное правительство просуществовало 218 дней с момента назначения Коллинза до его смерти, после чего потребовалось три дня для назначения Косгрейва его преемником.
There were two governments of the 2nd Dáil, which were ministries of Dáil Éireann, the assembly of Dáil Éireann that was the legislature of the Irish Republic, a unilaterally declared state which lasted from 1919 to 1922. The Second Dáil was elected at the 1921 Irish elections on 24 May 1921. The 3rd ministry (26 August 1921 – 9 January 1922) was led by Éamon de Valera as president and lasted 136 days. De Valera resigned as president after the Dáil voted to accept the Anglo Irish Treaty. The 4th ministry (10 January – 9 September 1922) was led by Arthur Griffith as president. Griffith died in office on 12 August 1922, but a new Dáil ministry was not formed until 9 September 1922. Griffith served 214 days as president, with a further 28 days between his death and the appointment of W. T. Cosgrave as his successor by the Dáil. The provisional government of Ireland, established under the terms of the Treaty, overlapped with the later period of ministries of Dáil Éireann. The 1st provisional government was led by Michael Collins as Chairman of the Provisional Government from 16 January 1922 until his death on 22 August 1922. On 25 August 1922, W. T. Cosgrave was appointed as his successor, with the other members of the new provisional government appointed on 30 September. The 1st provisional government lasted 218 days from the appointment of Collins until his death, with three days elapsing until the appointment of Cosgrave as his successor.
Третье министерство
Члены 2-го Дала впервые встретились 16 августа 1921 года. Уходящее правительство Дал Эйрен не ушло в отставку немедленно. 26 августа 1921 года Эмон де Валера подал в отставку с поста президента. Затем Шон Мак-Эойн выдвинул кандидатуру де Валеры, а Ричард Малкахи поддержал её на должность президента Ирландской Республики, и он был единогласно утвержден. Это было изменение титула, указывающее на то, что де Валера теперь рассматривался как глава государства Ирландской Республики, а не только как глава правительства. Затем де Валера предложил состав 3-го министерства Ирландской Республики (26 августа 1921 года – 9 января 1922 года), который был утвержден Далом.
The members of the 2nd Dáil first met on 16 August 1921. The outgoing ministry of Dáil Éireann did not resign immediately. On 26 August 1921, Éamon de Valera resigned as president. De Valera was then proposed by Seán Mac Eoin and seconded by Richard Mulcahy to the position of President of the Irish Republic and approved unanimously. This was a change of title, suggesting that de Valera was now considered as the head of state of the Irish Republic, rather than only its head of government. De Valera then proposed the members of the 3rd ministry of the Irish Republic (26 August 1921 – 9 January 1922), which were approved by the Dáil. Office NamePresident of the RepublicÉamon de ValeraSecretary of State for Foreign AffairsArthur GriffithSecretary of State for Home AffairsAustin StackSecretary of State for DefenceCathal BrughaSecretary of State for FinanceMichael CollinsSecretary of State for Local GovernmentW. T. CosgraveSecretary of State for Economic AffairsRobert BartonMinisters not in cabinetOffice NameAssistant Secretary of State for Local GovernmentKevin O'HigginsSecretary for Fine ArtsCount PlunkettSecretary for PublicityDesmond FitzGeraldSecretary for EducationJohn J. O'KellySecretary for LabourConstance MarkieviczSecretary for Trade and CommerceErnest BlytheSecretary for AgricultureArt O'ConnorSecretary for FisheriesSeán Etchingham
Наименование должности | Имя
---|---
Президент Республики | Эмон де Валера
Государственный секретарь по иностранным делам | Артур Гриффит
Государственный секретарь по внутренним делам | Остин Стэк
Государственный секретарь по обороне | Катхал Бруга
Государственный секретарь по финансам | Майкл Коллинз
Государственный секретарь по вопросам местного самоуправления | В. Т. Косгрейв
Государственный секретарь по экономическим вопросам | Роберт Бартон
The members of the 2nd Dáil first met on 16 August 1921. The outgoing ministry of Dáil Éireann did not resign immediately. On 26 August 1921, Éamon de Valera resigned as president. De Valera was then proposed by Seán Mac Eoin and seconded by Richard Mulcahy to the position of President of the Irish Republic and approved unanimously. This was a change of title, suggesting that de Valera was now considered as the head of state of the Irish Republic, rather than only its head of government. De Valera then proposed the members of the 3rd ministry of the Irish Republic (26 August 1921 – 9 January 1922), which were approved by the Dáil. Office NamePresident of the RepublicÉamon de ValeraSecretary of State for Foreign AffairsArthur GriffithSecretary of State for Home AffairsAustin StackSecretary of State for DefenceCathal BrughaSecretary of State for FinanceMichael CollinsSecretary of State for Local GovernmentW. T. CosgraveSecretary of State for Economic AffairsRobert BartonMinisters not in cabinetOffice NameAssistant Secretary of State for Local GovernmentKevin O'HigginsSecretary for Fine ArtsCount PlunkettSecretary for PublicityDesmond FitzGeraldSecretary for EducationJohn J. O'KellySecretary for LabourConstance MarkieviczSecretary for Trade and CommerceErnest BlytheSecretary for AgricultureArt O'ConnorSecretary for FisheriesSeán Etchingham
Министры, не входящие в кабинет:
The members of the 2nd Dáil first met on 16 August 1921. The outgoing ministry of Dáil Éireann did not resign immediately. On 26 August 1921, Éamon de Valera resigned as president. De Valera was then proposed by Seán Mac Eoin and seconded by Richard Mulcahy to the position of President of the Irish Republic and approved unanimously. This was a change of title, suggesting that de Valera was now considered as the head of state of the Irish Republic, rather than only its head of government. De Valera then proposed the members of the 3rd ministry of the Irish Republic (26 August 1921 – 9 January 1922), which were approved by the Dáil. Office NamePresident of the RepublicÉamon de ValeraSecretary of State for Foreign AffairsArthur GriffithSecretary of State for Home AffairsAustin StackSecretary of State for DefenceCathal BrughaSecretary of State for FinanceMichael CollinsSecretary of State for Local GovernmentW. T. CosgraveSecretary of State for Economic AffairsRobert BartonMinisters not in cabinetOffice NameAssistant Secretary of State for Local GovernmentKevin O'HigginsSecretary for Fine ArtsCount PlunkettSecretary for PublicityDesmond FitzGeraldSecretary for EducationJohn J. O'KellySecretary for LabourConstance MarkieviczSecretary for Trade and CommerceErnest BlytheSecretary for AgricultureArt O'ConnorSecretary for FisheriesSeán Etchingham
Наименование должности | Имя
---|---
Помощник государственного секретаря по вопросам местного самоуправления | Кевин О’Хиггинс
Секретарь по делам изобразительных искусств | Граф Планке́тт
Секретарь по делам прессы | Десмонд Фитцджеральд
Секретарь по образованию | Джон Дж. О’Келли
Секретарь по делам труда | Констанс Маркиевич
Секретарь по торговле и коммерции | Эрнест Блайт
Секретарь по делам сельского хозяйства | Арт О’Коннор
Секретарь по делам рыболовства | Шон Этчингем
The members of the 2nd Dáil first met on 16 August 1921. The outgoing ministry of Dáil Éireann did not resign immediately. On 26 August 1921, Éamon de Valera resigned as president. De Valera was then proposed by Seán Mac Eoin and seconded by Richard Mulcahy to the position of President of the Irish Republic and approved unanimously. This was a change of title, suggesting that de Valera was now considered as the head of state of the Irish Republic, rather than only its head of government. De Valera then proposed the members of the 3rd ministry of the Irish Republic (26 August 1921 – 9 January 1922), which were approved by the Dáil. Office NamePresident of the RepublicÉamon de ValeraSecretary of State for Foreign AffairsArthur GriffithSecretary of State for Home AffairsAustin StackSecretary of State for DefenceCathal BrughaSecretary of State for FinanceMichael CollinsSecretary of State for Local GovernmentW. T. CosgraveSecretary of State for Economic AffairsRobert BartonMinisters not in cabinetOffice NameAssistant Secretary of State for Local GovernmentKevin O'HigginsSecretary for Fine ArtsCount PlunkettSecretary for PublicityDesmond FitzGeraldSecretary for EducationJohn J. O'KellySecretary for LabourConstance MarkieviczSecretary for Trade and CommerceErnest BlytheSecretary for AgricultureArt O'ConnorSecretary for FisheriesSeán Etchingham
4-е министерство
7 января 1922 года англо-ирландский договор был одобрен Dáil Éireann голосованием 64 против 57. Среди тех, кто голосовал против, был президент де Валера. В понедельник 9 января он подал в отставку с поста президента. Затем Кэтлин Кларк предложила его кандидатуру на пост президента, а Лиам Меллоуз назначил его своим помощником. Это предложение было отвергнуто 58 голосами "за" против 60. 10 января Артур Гриффит был предложен на пост президента Dáil Éireann Майклом Коллинзом и поддержан Эоном О'Даффи. Пока должно было пройти голосование, де Валера и его сторонники встали и покинули палату. Гриффит был затем единогласно одобрен теми членами, которые остались в Дэйле. Члены 4-го министерства были затем предложены Гриффитом и одобрены Дэйлом. В соответствии с условиями Договора 16 января был создан еще один кабинет, временное правительство, с Майкл Коллинзом в качестве председателя Временного правительства Ирландского свободного государства. Четвертое министерство, таким образом, занимало должность параллельно с первым временным правительством. В августе Гриффит умер от естественных причин, а Коллинз был убит в бою. Остальные члены министерства оставались в должности до тех пор, пока Третий Дэйл не избрал новое министерство 9 сентября под руководством В. Т. Косгрейва. Косгрейв также был назначен председателем Временного правительства после смерти Коллинза в августе, и с 9 сентября персонал двух кабинетов был идентичен. Оба кабинета были заменены Исполнительным советом Ирландского свободного государства 6 декабря 1922 года. Название должностиПрезидент Dáil ÉireannАртур ГриффитМинистр финансовМайкл КоллинзМинистр иностранных делДжордж Гаван ДаффиАртур ГриффитМайкл ХейсМинистр внутренних делЭамонн ДуганМинистр местного самоуправленияW. Т. КосгрейвМинистром экономики Кевином О'ХиггинсомМинистром обороны Ричардом МалкахиМинистрами, не входящими в Кабинет министровИмя кабинетаМинистром образования Майклом ХейсомМинистром торговли Эрнестом БлайтомМинистром сельского хозяйства Патриком ХоганомМинистром труда Джозефом МакгратомМинистром рекламы Десмонд ФицджеральдПомощником министраИмя кабинетаМинистром. Министр местного самоуправления Лоркан Роббинс Министр внутренних дел Джордж НиколзАст. Министр образования Фрэнк Фахи
On 7 January 1922, the Anglo Irish Treaty was approved by Dáil Éireann in a vote of 64 to 57. Among those voting against were President de Valera. On Monday 9 January, he resigned as president. He was then proposed by Kathleen Clarke and seconded by Liam Mellowes for the position of president. This motion was defeated with 58 votes in favour to 60 against. On 10 January, Arthur Griffith was proposed as President of Dáil Éireann by Michael Collins and seconded by Eoin O'Duffy. While the vote was to take place, de Valera and his supporters rose and left the Dáil chamber. Griffith was then approved unanimously by those members remaining in the Dáil. The members of the 4th ministry were then proposed by Griffith and approved by the Dáil. Under the terms of the Treaty another cabinet, the provisional government, was also established on 16 January, with Michael Collins as Chairman of the Provisional Government of the Irish Free State. The 4th ministry therefore held office in parallel with the 1st provisional government. In August, Griffith died of natural causes and Collins was killed in action. The remaining members of the ministry remained in office until the Third Dáil elected a new ministry on 9 September under W. T. Cosgrave. Cosgrave had also been named as Chairman of the Provisional Government on the death of Collins in August, and from 9 September the personnel of the two cabinets were identical. Both cabinets were replaced by the Executive Council of the Irish Free State on 6 December 1922. Office NamePresident of Dáil ÉireannArthur GriffithMinister for FinanceMichael CollinsMinister for Foreign AffairsGeorge Gavan DuffyArthur GriffithMichael HayesMinister for Home AffairsEamonn DugganMinister for Local GovernmentW. T. CosgraveMinister for Economic AffairsKevin O'HigginsMinister for DefenceRichard MulcahyMinisters not in cabinetOffice NameMinister for EducationMichael HayesMinister for TradeErnest BlytheMinister for AgriculturePatrick HoganMinister for LabourJoseph McGrathMinister for PublicityDesmond FitzGeraldAssistant MinistersOffice NameAsst. Minister for Local GovernmentLorcan RobbinsAsst. Minister for Home AffairsGeorge NicollsAsst. Minister for EducationFrank Fahy
Первое Временное правительство
Первое Временное правительство – Временное правительство, занимавшее должность с 16 января по 30 августа 1922 года. Временное правительство было учреждено на основании Англо-ирландского договора в качестве временной администрации, которая должна была управлять Ирландией (за исключением Северной Ирландии) до образования Ирландского свободного государства в декабре. Его члены были назначены на заседании «членов, избранных в Палату общин Южной Ирландии» (сторонники Договора из Синн Фейн и четыре юниониста) 14 января и вступили в должность два дня спустя. Британское правительство официально передало власть кабинету 1 апреля. Возглавляемое Майклом Коллинзом в качестве председателя, его состав состоял исключительно из членов продоговорческого крыла Синн Фейн. К моменту образования Временного правительства уже существовала исполнительная администрация в виде 4-го министерства Ирландской Республики, но этот кабинет не был признан британским правительством. Четвертое министерство вступило в должность 10 января, всего за шесть дней до образования Временного правительства, и продолжало оставаться у власти после его создания. Таким образом, существовали две параллельные администрации с частично совпадающим составом. После начала Гражданской войны 29 июня четыре члена кабинета были направлены на военную службу, а их места временно заняли исполняющие обязанности министров. Два новых члена, Майкл Хейс и Эрнест Блайт, приступили к исполнению обязанностей исполняющих обязанности министров 17 июля и были включены в состав кабинета в качестве постоянных членов 27 июля. Коллинз погиб в бою 22 августа, в связи с чем кабинет собрался и избрал Косгрейва председателем 25 августа. Через пять дней весь кабинет был переформирован как Второе Временное правительство. Третий Дайл собрался 9 сентября и назначил 5-е министерство, состав которого был идентичен составу вновь сформированного Временного правительства. Этот кабинет с его двойной идентичностью продолжал функционировать как единственное правительство и был заменен 6 декабря 1922 года формированием 1-го Исполнительного совета Ирландского свободного государства.
The 1st provisional government was the provisional government that held office from 16 January – 30 August 1922. The provisional government was established under the terms of the Anglo Irish Treaty as an interim administration that would govern Ireland (not including Northern Ireland) until the establishment of the Irish Free State in December. Its members were nominated at a meeting of "the members elected to sit in the House of Commons of Southern Ireland" (pro Treaty Sinn Féin and four unionist members), on 14 January, and they took up office two days later. The British government formally transferred power to the cabinet on 1 April. Headed by Michael Collins as Chairman, its membership consisted solely of members of the pro Treaty wing of Sinn Féin. At the time the provisional government was established there was a pre existing executive administration in the form of the 4th ministry of the Irish Republic, but that cabinet was not recognised by the British government. The 4th ministry had come to office on 10 January, just six days before the provisional government, and continued in office after the latter's establishment. There were thus two parallel administrations, with an overlapping membership. After the Civil War began on 29 June four members of the cabinet were seconded for military service and substitutes were appointed to temporarily take their places as acting ministers. Two new members, Michael Hayes and Ernest Blythe, began serving as acting ministers on 17 July and were added to the cabinet as permanent members on 27 July. Collins was killed in action on 22 August and so the cabinet met and elected Cosgrave as chairman on 25 August. Five days later the entire cabinet was reconstituted as the 2nd provisional government. The Third Dáil met on 9 September and appointed the 5th ministry, with its membership identical to that of the newly constituted provisional government. This cabinet, with its dual identities, continued as the sole government, and was superseded on 6 December 1922 by the formation of the 1st Executive Council of the Irish Free State. Office NameChairman of the Provisional GovernmentMichael CollinsW. T. CosgraveMinister for FinanceMichael CollinsW. T. CosgraveMinister for Home AffairsEamonn DugganMinister for Local GovernmentW. T. CosgraveMinister for Economic AffairsKevin O'HigginsMinister for EducationFionán LynchMinister for AgriculturePatrick HoganMinister for LabourJoseph McGrathPostmaster GeneralJ. J. WalshSubstitutesOffice NameActing Minister for FinanceW. T. CosgraveActing Minister for LabourPatrick HoganActing Minister for EducationMichael HayesActing Minister for Economic AffairsErnest Blythe
Должность | Председатель Временного правительства | Майкл Коллинз | У.Т. Косгрейв
---|---|---|---
Министр финансов | Майкл Коллинз | У.Т. Косгрейв
Министр внутренних дел | Эамонн Дугган
Министр местного самоуправления | У.Т. Косгрейв
Министр по экономическим вопросам | Кевин О’Хиггинс
Министр образования | Фионан Линч
Министр сельского хозяйства | Патрик Хоган
Министр труда | Джозеф Макграт
Генеральный почтмейстер | Дж.Дж. Уолш
The 1st provisional government was the provisional government that held office from 16 January – 30 August 1922. The provisional government was established under the terms of the Anglo Irish Treaty as an interim administration that would govern Ireland (not including Northern Ireland) until the establishment of the Irish Free State in December. Its members were nominated at a meeting of "the members elected to sit in the House of Commons of Southern Ireland" (pro Treaty Sinn Féin and four unionist members), on 14 January, and they took up office two days later. The British government formally transferred power to the cabinet on 1 April. Headed by Michael Collins as Chairman, its membership consisted solely of members of the pro Treaty wing of Sinn Féin. At the time the provisional government was established there was a pre existing executive administration in the form of the 4th ministry of the Irish Republic, but that cabinet was not recognised by the British government. The 4th ministry had come to office on 10 January, just six days before the provisional government, and continued in office after the latter's establishment. There were thus two parallel administrations, with an overlapping membership. After the Civil War began on 29 June four members of the cabinet were seconded for military service and substitutes were appointed to temporarily take their places as acting ministers. Two new members, Michael Hayes and Ernest Blythe, began serving as acting ministers on 17 July and were added to the cabinet as permanent members on 27 July. Collins was killed in action on 22 August and so the cabinet met and elected Cosgrave as chairman on 25 August. Five days later the entire cabinet was reconstituted as the 2nd provisional government. The Third Dáil met on 9 September and appointed the 5th ministry, with its membership identical to that of the newly constituted provisional government. This cabinet, with its dual identities, continued as the sole government, and was superseded on 6 December 1922 by the formation of the 1st Executive Council of the Irish Free State. Office NameChairman of the Provisional GovernmentMichael CollinsW. T. CosgraveMinister for FinanceMichael CollinsW. T. CosgraveMinister for Home AffairsEamonn DugganMinister for Local GovernmentW. T. CosgraveMinister for Economic AffairsKevin O'HigginsMinister for EducationFionán LynchMinister for AgriculturePatrick HoganMinister for LabourJoseph McGrathPostmaster GeneralJ. J. WalshSubstitutesOffice NameActing Minister for FinanceW. T. CosgraveActing Minister for LabourPatrick HoganActing Minister for EducationMichael HayesActing Minister for Economic AffairsErnest Blythe
Исполняющие обязанности:
The 1st provisional government was the provisional government that held office from 16 January – 30 August 1922. The provisional government was established under the terms of the Anglo Irish Treaty as an interim administration that would govern Ireland (not including Northern Ireland) until the establishment of the Irish Free State in December. Its members were nominated at a meeting of "the members elected to sit in the House of Commons of Southern Ireland" (pro Treaty Sinn Féin and four unionist members), on 14 January, and they took up office two days later. The British government formally transferred power to the cabinet on 1 April. Headed by Michael Collins as Chairman, its membership consisted solely of members of the pro Treaty wing of Sinn Féin. At the time the provisional government was established there was a pre existing executive administration in the form of the 4th ministry of the Irish Republic, but that cabinet was not recognised by the British government. The 4th ministry had come to office on 10 January, just six days before the provisional government, and continued in office after the latter's establishment. There were thus two parallel administrations, with an overlapping membership. After the Civil War began on 29 June four members of the cabinet were seconded for military service and substitutes were appointed to temporarily take their places as acting ministers. Two new members, Michael Hayes and Ernest Blythe, began serving as acting ministers on 17 July and were added to the cabinet as permanent members on 27 July. Collins was killed in action on 22 August and so the cabinet met and elected Cosgrave as chairman on 25 August. Five days later the entire cabinet was reconstituted as the 2nd provisional government. The Third Dáil met on 9 September and appointed the 5th ministry, with its membership identical to that of the newly constituted provisional government. This cabinet, with its dual identities, continued as the sole government, and was superseded on 6 December 1922 by the formation of the 1st Executive Council of the Irish Free State. Office NameChairman of the Provisional GovernmentMichael CollinsW. T. CosgraveMinister for FinanceMichael CollinsW. T. CosgraveMinister for Home AffairsEamonn DugganMinister for Local GovernmentW. T. CosgraveMinister for Economic AffairsKevin O'HigginsMinister for EducationFionán LynchMinister for AgriculturePatrick HoganMinister for LabourJoseph McGrathPostmaster GeneralJ. J. WalshSubstitutesOffice NameActing Minister for FinanceW. T. CosgraveActing Minister for LabourPatrick HoganActing Minister for EducationMichael HayesActing Minister for Economic AffairsErnest Blythe
Должность | Исполняющий обязанности министра финансов | У.Т. Косгрейв
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Исполняющий обязанности министра труда | Патрик Хоган
Исполняющий обязанности министра образования | Майкл Хейс
Исполняющий обязанности министра по экономическим вопросам | Эрнест Блайт
The 1st provisional government was the provisional government that held office from 16 January – 30 August 1922. The provisional government was established under the terms of the Anglo Irish Treaty as an interim administration that would govern Ireland (not including Northern Ireland) until the establishment of the Irish Free State in December. Its members were nominated at a meeting of "the members elected to sit in the House of Commons of Southern Ireland" (pro Treaty Sinn Féin and four unionist members), on 14 January, and they took up office two days later. The British government formally transferred power to the cabinet on 1 April. Headed by Michael Collins as Chairman, its membership consisted solely of members of the pro Treaty wing of Sinn Féin. At the time the provisional government was established there was a pre existing executive administration in the form of the 4th ministry of the Irish Republic, but that cabinet was not recognised by the British government. The 4th ministry had come to office on 10 January, just six days before the provisional government, and continued in office after the latter's establishment. There were thus two parallel administrations, with an overlapping membership. After the Civil War began on 29 June four members of the cabinet were seconded for military service and substitutes were appointed to temporarily take their places as acting ministers. Two new members, Michael Hayes and Ernest Blythe, began serving as acting ministers on 17 July and were added to the cabinet as permanent members on 27 July. Collins was killed in action on 22 August and so the cabinet met and elected Cosgrave as chairman on 25 August. Five days later the entire cabinet was reconstituted as the 2nd provisional government. The Third Dáil met on 9 September and appointed the 5th ministry, with its membership identical to that of the newly constituted provisional government. This cabinet, with its dual identities, continued as the sole government, and was superseded on 6 December 1922 by the formation of the 1st Executive Council of the Irish Free State. Office NameChairman of the Provisional GovernmentMichael CollinsW. T. CosgraveMinister for FinanceMichael CollinsW. T. CosgraveMinister for Home AffairsEamonn DugganMinister for Local GovernmentW. T. CosgraveMinister for Economic AffairsKevin O'HigginsMinister for EducationFionán LynchMinister for AgriculturePatrick HoganMinister for LabourJoseph McGrathPostmaster GeneralJ. J. WalshSubstitutesOffice NameActing Minister for FinanceW. T. CosgraveActing Minister for LabourPatrick HoganActing Minister for EducationMichael HayesActing Minister for Economic AffairsErnest Blythe