Танзаниядағы Гомбе стримі ұлттық паркі

National park in Tanzania

Gombe Stream National Park is a national park in Kigoma District of Kigoma Region in Tanzania, north of Kigoma, the capital of Kigoma Region. Established in 1968, it is one of the smallest national parks in Tanzania, with only of protected land along the hills of the eastern shore of Lake Tanganyika. The terrain is distinguished by steep valleys, and the vegetation ranges from grassland to woodland to tropical rainforest. Accessible only by boat, the park is most famous as the location where Jane Goodall pioneered her behavioural research on the common chimpanzee populations. Besides chimpanzees, primates inhabiting Gombe Stream National Park include beachcomber olive baboons, red colobus, red tailed monkeys, blue monkeys, and vervet monkeys. The park is also home to over 200 bird species

Jane Goodall first travelled to Tanzania in 1960 at the age of 26 with no formal college training. However, her research eventually proved just that—the intellectual and emotional sophistication of non humans, chimpanzees in particular. With the support of renowned anthropologist Louis Leakey, Goodall set up a small research station in Gombe in hopes of learning more about the behaviour of our closest relatives. The chimps would also take twigs from trees and strip off the leaves to make the twig more effective, a form of object modification which is the rudimentary beginnings of toolmaking. In contrast to the peaceful and affectionate behaviours she observed, Goodall also found an aggressive side of chimp nature at Gombe. She discovered that chimps will systematically hunt and eat smaller primates, such as colobus monkeys. This long term data has provided scientists with insight into chimpanzee demographic patterns, male politics, hunting, culture and mother infant relationships over multiple generations—rare and valuable data. The research of Goodall has also drastically changed ethological thinking and how behavioural studies are conducted. Research from the GSRC has resulted in 35 Ph. D. theses, over 400 papers and 30 books. This is mainly due to the lack of collaboration between park management, government sectors, and rural communities. Village lands often lie between parks and become obstacles for animals traveling between protected areas. Without incentives to protect the animals, rural communities will hunt them for food or kill them for safety reasons. Poverty also increases the demand.