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Class of poetic verse

Heroic verse is a term that may be used to designate epic poems, but which is more usually used to describe the meter(s) in which those poems are most typically written (regardless of whether the content is "heroic" or not). Because the meter typically used to narrate heroic deeds differs by language and even within language by period, the specific meaning of "heroic verse" is dependent upon context.

The oldest Greek verseform, and the Greek line for heroic verse, is the dactylic hexameter, which was already well established in the 9th and 8th centuries B. C. E. when the Iliad and Odyssey were composed in this meter. The Saturnian was used in Latin epics of the 3rd century B. C. E., but few examples remain and the meter is little understood. Beginning at least with Ennius (239–169 B. C. E.) dactylic hexameter was introduced in imitation of the Greeks, thereafter becoming the Latin heroic meter. The Greek/Roman dactylic hexameter exerted a huge influence over the subsequent poetic practice of much of Europe, whether by the new accentual verseforms it evolved into (as the medieval riming leonine verse), by attempts at reviving it either quantitatively or accentually (as by Alberti, Stanyhurst, Klopstock, Longfellow, Bridges, and many others), or simply as an ideal of what a nation's heroic verse should aspire to.

In France the décasyllabe and alexandrine have taken turns as the language's heroic verseform: first, the décasyllabe appearing in the 11th century; then, around 1200 the alexandrine began its first period of dominance; however, by 1400 the décasyllabe had again been established as the French heroic verse, completely ousting the alexandrine. The alexandrine, in a slightly stricter form, was resurrected in the middle of the 16th century by the poets of the Pléiade, and has retained its status since then.