Введение
Математический ряд с конечной суммой
сборник рассказов
the short story collection
In mathematics, a series is the sum of the terms of an infinite sequence of numbers. More precisely, an infinite sequence defines a series S that is denoted
The nth partial sum Sn is the sum of the first n terms of the sequence; that is,
A series is convergent (or converges) if and only if the sequence of its partial sums tends to a limit; that means that, when adding one after the other in the order given by the indices, one gets partial sums that become closer and closer to a given number. More precisely, a series converges, if and only if there exists a number such that for every arbitrarily small positive number , there is a (sufficiently large) integer such that for all ,
If the series is convergent, the (necessarily unique) number is called the sum of the series. The same notation
is used for the series, and, if it is convergent, to its sum. This convention is similar to that which is used for addition: a + b denotes the operation of adding a and b as well as the result of this addition, which is called the sum of a and b. Any series that is not convergent is said to be divergent or to diverge.
В математике ряд – это сумма членов бесконечной последовательности чисел. Более точно, бесконечная последовательность определяет ряд S, который обозначается следующим образом:
the short story collection
In mathematics, a series is the sum of the terms of an infinite sequence of numbers. More precisely, an infinite sequence defines a series S that is denoted
The nth partial sum Sn is the sum of the first n terms of the sequence; that is,
A series is convergent (or converges) if and only if the sequence of its partial sums tends to a limit; that means that, when adding one after the other in the order given by the indices, one gets partial sums that become closer and closer to a given number. More precisely, a series converges, if and only if there exists a number such that for every arbitrarily small positive number , there is a (sufficiently large) integer such that for all ,
If the series is convergent, the (necessarily unique) number is called the sum of the series. The same notation
is used for the series, and, if it is convergent, to its sum. This convention is similar to that which is used for addition: a + b denotes the operation of adding a and b as well as the result of this addition, which is called the sum of a and b. Any series that is not convergent is said to be divergent or to diverge.
n-я частичная сумма Sn – это сумма первых n членов последовательности, то есть:
the short story collection
In mathematics, a series is the sum of the terms of an infinite sequence of numbers. More precisely, an infinite sequence defines a series S that is denoted
The nth partial sum Sn is the sum of the first n terms of the sequence; that is,
A series is convergent (or converges) if and only if the sequence of its partial sums tends to a limit; that means that, when adding one after the other in the order given by the indices, one gets partial sums that become closer and closer to a given number. More precisely, a series converges, if and only if there exists a number such that for every arbitrarily small positive number , there is a (sufficiently large) integer such that for all ,
If the series is convergent, the (necessarily unique) number is called the sum of the series. The same notation
is used for the series, and, if it is convergent, to its sum. This convention is similar to that which is used for addition: a + b denotes the operation of adding a and b as well as the result of this addition, which is called the sum of a and b. Any series that is not convergent is said to be divergent or to diverge.
Ряд сходится (или является сходящимся), если и только если последовательность его частичных сумм стремится к пределу; это означает, что при последовательном сложении членов в порядке, заданном индексами, получаются частичные суммы, которые приближаются к заданному числу. Более точно, ряд сходится, если и только если существует число L, такое что для каждого произвольно малого положительного числа ε, существует (достаточно большое) целое число N, такое что для всех n > N, выполняется |Sn - L| < ε.
the short story collection
In mathematics, a series is the sum of the terms of an infinite sequence of numbers. More precisely, an infinite sequence defines a series S that is denoted
The nth partial sum Sn is the sum of the first n terms of the sequence; that is,
A series is convergent (or converges) if and only if the sequence of its partial sums tends to a limit; that means that, when adding one after the other in the order given by the indices, one gets partial sums that become closer and closer to a given number. More precisely, a series converges, if and only if there exists a number such that for every arbitrarily small positive number , there is a (sufficiently large) integer such that for all ,
If the series is convergent, the (necessarily unique) number is called the sum of the series. The same notation
is used for the series, and, if it is convergent, to its sum. This convention is similar to that which is used for addition: a + b denotes the operation of adding a and b as well as the result of this addition, which is called the sum of a and b. Any series that is not convergent is said to be divergent or to diverge.
Если ряд сходится, то (единственное) число L называется суммой ряда. Та же нотация S используется для обозначения как самого ряда, так и его суммы, если он сходится. Эта условность аналогична той, что используется при сложении: a + b обозначает как операцию сложения a и b, так и результат этой операции, который называется суммой a и b. Любой ряд, который не сходится, называется расходящимся.
the short story collection
In mathematics, a series is the sum of the terms of an infinite sequence of numbers. More precisely, an infinite sequence defines a series S that is denoted
The nth partial sum Sn is the sum of the first n terms of the sequence; that is,
A series is convergent (or converges) if and only if the sequence of its partial sums tends to a limit; that means that, when adding one after the other in the order given by the indices, one gets partial sums that become closer and closer to a given number. More precisely, a series converges, if and only if there exists a number such that for every arbitrarily small positive number , there is a (sufficiently large) integer such that for all ,
If the series is convergent, the (necessarily unique) number is called the sum of the series. The same notation
is used for the series, and, if it is convergent, to its sum. This convention is similar to that which is used for addition: a + b denotes the operation of adding a and b as well as the result of this addition, which is called the sum of a and b. Any series that is not convergent is said to be divergent or to diverge.
Условная и абсолютная конвергенция
Для любой последовательности , для всех n. Следовательно, это означает, что если сходится, то также сходится (но не наоборот). Если ряд сходится, то ряд абсолютно сходится. Ряд Маклорена экспоненциальной функции абсолютно сходится для любого комплексного значения переменной. Если ряд сходится, но ряд расходится, то ряд условно сходится. Ряд Маклорена функции логарифма условно сходится при 1=x = 1. Теорема Римана о рядах утверждает, что если ряд сходится условно, то можно переставить члены ряда таким образом, чтобы ряд сходился к любому значению или даже расходился.
This means that if converges, then also converges (but not vice versa). If the series converges, then the series is absolutely convergent. The Maclaurin series of the exponential function is absolutely convergent for every complex value of the variable. If the series converges but the series diverges, then the series is conditionally convergent. The Maclaurin series of the logarithm function is conditionally convergent for 1=x = 1. The Riemann series theorem states that if a series converges conditionally, it is possible to rearrange the terms of the series in such a way that the series converges to any value, or even diverges.